Personal protective equipment against potential Ebola virus exposure: lower risk – video

Transcript - Personal Protective Equipment – Lower Risk Exposure

Transcript - Personal Protective Equipment – Lower Risk Exposure

Use of Personal Protective Equipment when Caring for a Person Under Investigation for Ebola Virus Disease in a First Nations or Other Community Health Facility

This training video is based on advice from the Public Health Agency of Canada's Infection Prevention and Control Expert Working Group.

TEXT ON-SCREEN: 'Advice on Infection Prevention and Control Measures for Ebola Virus Disease in Healthcare Settings (Date Modified: 2015-05-19). Canada.ca/EBOLAVIRUS.'

Dr. Tom Wong, Chief Medical Officer of Public Health, Health Canada's First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, provides remarks on-screen.

"My colleague, Dr. David Butler-Jones, and I would like to tell you about this very important initiative to help keep our health care workers safe and ensure they are prepared for infectious disease threats including Ebola or other hemorrhagic fevers.

Health Canada is pleased to collaborate with the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada to bring you these training videos. They will show how to put on and take off the personal protective equipment needed when caring for patients suspected or confirmed to have Ebola Virus Disease, in a First Nations community health setting.

Training and repeated practice is necessary to ensure when personal protective equipment is used, it is done so in a correct and safe way. These videos are to be used along with the in-person training."

Dr. David Butler-Jones, Senior Medical Officer, Heath Canada's First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, provides remarks on-screen.

"These videos are an important part of infection prevention and control training - both now and in the future - to help refresh and maintain these essential skills on an ongoing basis. We recommend watching these videos regularly as a reminder of the important skills learned during in-person training.

Our goal is to ensure health care workers in First Nations communities are prepared for any serious communicable disease event, including the Ebola Virus Disease.

We hope you find these videos a valuable contribution towards our efforts to protect and be protected when dealing with potential risks."

Recommended personal protective equipment donning and doffing processes where there is a lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids - that is, no anticipated contact - direct or indirect - with blood or other bodily fluids.

Please note that the sequences for donning and doffing may vary according to the type of personal protective equipment in use at your health facility and based on the point-of-care risk assessment.

A risk assessment approach should be used before, and during, every interaction with a patient under investigation for Ebola Virus Disease to support the use of additional infection prevention and control measures where indicated.

TEXT ON-SCREEN: Text on the left side of the screen reads: 'Lower Risk: Earlier or convalescing stage of EVD; Contained bodily fluids; Good hygiene; Capable of self-care'.

TEXT ON-SCREEN: Text on the right side of the screen reads: 'Higher Risk: Later stages of EVD, involving copious fluid loss; Uncontained bodily fluids; Poor hygiene; Incapable of self-care (due to physical condition, age or cognitive impairment)'.

Higher risk text fades away, as lower risk text on left side of screen remains highlighted.

DONNING sequence

DONNING sequence

This video segment demonstrates the DONNING sequence of personal protective equipment for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids.

The recommended personal protective equipment used in the following lower-risk scenario, as per the point-of-care risk assessment, includes: a fluid-impermeable gown, a fluid-resistant mask, a faceshield, and gloves.

Wide shot of equipment cart in designated clean area, followed by close-up of each listed item of personal protective equipment, moving from right to left.

STEP 1: Prepare for donning personal protective equipment in a designated clean area

Health care worker and trained monitor demonstrate preparation for the donning process as follows.

You, the health care worker, together with the Trained Monitor:

  • Perform self-care, such as hydrating and going to the washroom.
  • Remove all personal items such as stethoscope, cell phone, jewellery, identification tag, pens, and other items.
  • Pull hair back and away from your face and neck and secure it in place.
  • Ensure that your fingernails are trimmed to prevent tearing of gloves.
  • Perform hand hygiene, thoroughly and effectively, using alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water if hands are visibly soiled.

(* Note: The proper technique and complete hand hygiene procedure is being demonstrated in this step. Subsequent hand hygiene steps have been abbreviated.)

Close-up of health care worker's hands performing World Health Organization's Hand Hygiene Technique with Alcohol-Based Formulation.

  • Ensure that you have all the personal protective equipment required.
  • Inspect the personal protective equipment for defects and appropriate size.

Most importantly, be attentive and careful, and take your time in donning the personal protective equipment.

Supporting you is a Trained Monitor whose role is to assist, assess, and document your appropriate selection, use, removal and disposal of personal protective equipment.

The Trained Monitor reads aloud all steps throughout the donning procedure and ensures all steps are performed properly.

Close-up of wall poster listing steps of donning sequence of personal protective equipment for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids, moving from top to bottom.

Close-up of clipboard with donning checklist on blue absorbent pad-covered side table, pen on right.

STEP 2: Perform hand hygiene

… thoroughly and effectively, as demonstrated in DONNING STEP 1.

Close-up of trained monitor pumping alcohol-based hand rub into health care worker's hands then own hands.

  • Use alcohol-based hand rub.

Trained monitor and health care worker perform hand hygiene facing each other.

STEP 3: Put on fluid-impermeable gown

Facing each other, trained monitor assists the health care worker to put on gown.

  • Ensure that the gown is cuffed and long enough to cover from your neck to your knees, and also to your wrists (including sleeves).
  • Fasten the gown securely at the neck and waist.

If the gown has two sets of waist ties, tie the inner tie first, followed by the outer tie, with edges overlapping to completely cover your clothing, both front and back.

The Trained Monitor can help fasten the gown at your neck and waist to ensure that no clothing is visible.

Gowned health care worker turns, as trained monitor inspects front and back for proper fit.

STEP 4: Put on fluid-resistant mask

  • Mould the metal piece to the bridge of your nose with three fingers simultaneously on both sides.
  • Ensure that your nose, mouth, and chin are fully covered with minimal gap between the mask and your face.

Masked health care worker turns face both ways, as trained monitor inspects each side for proper fit.

Gaps between the face and mask are visible on both sides.

The trained monitor indicates the mask doesn't fit properly.

The health care worker removes mask, ties a knot in each ear loop and moulds it back on face.

If there is a gap between the mask and your face, make a knot in each ear loop to tighten it.

Masked health care worker turns face both ways, as trained monitor inspects each side for proper fit.

Gaps are no longer visible. The trained monitor approves the fit.

*Note that masks with attached visors are not suitable.

STEP 5: Put on faceshield

Trained monitor hands faceshield to health care worker.

  • Ensure that the faceshield is long enough to prevent splashing underneath, and that it fits over prescription eye glasses, if wearing.
  • Secure the strap at the back of your head.

Faceshielded health care worker turns face both ways, as trained monitor inspects each side for proper fit.

*Note that eye glasses are not suitable eye protection.

STEP 6: Put on gloves

  • Ensure that the gloves are durable and fit appropriately for the task.

Health care worker receives gloves from trained monitor.

  • Fit them securely over your gown cuffs.

The Trained Monitor can help position the gloves over your gown cuffs.

  • Examine the gloves for intactness and proper fit.

Trained Monitor checks off last step of donning checklist on clipboard.

VOICEOVER:

The DONNING procedure for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids is now complete.

Health care worker and trained monitor demonstrate as follows.

To ensure proper fit of personal protective equipment, perform a few range of motion exercises, such as looking up and down, bending forward at the waist and extending arms above your head.

Health care worker turns around in circle.

The Trained Monitor then inspects front and back to ensure proper fit of personal protective equipment.

Close-up of fully donned health care worker, moving from feet to head, with trained monitor inspecting from behind.

You are now appropriately attired to provide care to a patient suspected or confirmed to have Ebola Virus Disease, where there is a lower risk of exposure to blood or other body fluids.

Close-up of French and English signs on room door, stating "ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS. STOP. DO NOT ENTER. PLEASE SEE THE NURSE".

If, at any point while providing care to the patient, the point-of-care risk assessment indicates increased risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids, OR you have any difficulties or unintended breaches with your personal protective equipment (such as fogging of the faceshield or tearing of the gloves), OR unprotected exposure to blood or other bodily fluids, you should: stop providing patient care after ensuring the patient is safe, leave the patient room, and calmly and methodically remove your personal protective equipment.

Then, as required, follow your health facility's Ebola exposure management plan and put on a new set of personal protective equipment before continuing patient care.

DOFFING sequence

DOFFING sequence

This video segment demonstrates the DOFFING sequence of personal protective equipment for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids.

STEP 1: Prepare for doffing personal protective equipment in a designated soiled area located immediately outside the patient room

Infographic appears on-screen, indicating there is lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids.

The Trained Monitor performs a point-of-care risk assessment and dons the personal protective equipment required, in order to safely assist you, the health care worker, as soon as provision of care is completed.

Fully donned health care worker opens door and exits patient room into designated soiled area, marked on wall and floor by red tape.

A waste receptacle and a wipeable chair is located in the soiled area.

French and English signs on door state "ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS. STOP. DO NOT ENTER. PLEASE SEE THE NURSE".

After leaving the patient room, you step into and remain in the designated soiled area right outside the patient room to remove and immediately discard your personal protective equipment into a designated sturdy no-touch leak-resistant biohazard waste receptacle located there.

Trained monitor waits in designated clean area, which contains clean equipment cart, side table with gloves, hand sanitizer, clipboard and pen.

Steps for donning and doffing of lower risk equipment are posted on wall in clean area in French and English.

Health care worker turns around in circle, as trained monitor inspects for contamination.

In the following demonstration, as the health care worker is not visibly soiled, the point-of-care risk assessment indicates lower risk of exposure to the Trained Monitor. Therefore, at a minimum, the personal protective equipment used by the Trained Monitor includes gloves.

Trained monitor performs hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub and puts on gloves.

The Trained Monitor remains in the designated clean area the entire time while helping the health care worker in the doffing process.

Close-up of feet in designated clean and soiled areas, marked on floor by red tape.

The Trained Monitor reads aloud all steps throughout the doffing process and ensures that you are attentive, careful, and taking your time to reduce your risk of self-contamination.

Close-up of wall poster listing steps of doffing sequence of personal protective equipment for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids, moving from top to bottom.

  • Inspect your personal protective equipment for visible contamination, cuts or tears.
  • Remember that additional opportunities for hand hygiene may be present based on the point-of-care risk assessment.

Close-up of fully donned health care worker, moving from hem of gown to head.

Most importantly, be attentive and careful, and take your time in doffing your personal protective equipment to reduce the risk of self-contamination.

STEP 2: Remove gloves

Close-up of health care worker's gloved hands.

  • Use glove-to-glove technique to remove gloves away from your body, as follows:
  • Grasp the outside edge near your wrist and peel it away, rolling the glove inside-out.
  • Then reach under the glove on your other hand and peel it away.
  • Discard both gloves immediately into the designated waste receptacle.

STEP 3: Perform hand hygiene

… thoroughly and effectively

  • Use alcohol-based hand rub.

The Trained Monitor pumps it into your hands without touching you.

Trained monitor is gloved.

* Be careful NOT to touch the cuffs or sleeves of your gown.

(* Note: The proper technique and complete hand hygiene procedure is being demonstrated in this step. Subsequent hand hygiene steps have been abbreviated.)

Close-up of health care workers hands performing World Health Organization's Hand Hygiene Technique with Alcohol-Based Formulation.

STEP 4: Remove gown

To reduce your risk of self-contamination, the Trained Monitor:

  • Unties the outer waist tie to open your gown at the back and expose the inner tie.
  • Then unties your inner tie at the back,
  • And unfastens your gown at the neck, gently pushing the gown off your shoulders, being careful not to touch the inside of your gown.

You then:

  • Reach under the gown cuff of one sleeve and gently slide it over your hand.
  • With your hand covered by the gown, pinch the gown cuff of your other sleeve to remove it.
  • Pull and remove your gown without touching your skin or clothing, or agitating the gown unnecessarily.
  • Turn the gown inside-out on itself, and roll it up.
  • Discard the gown immediately into the waste receptacle.

The Trained Monitor:

  • Removes and immediately discards gloves into the same receptacle, and performs hand hygiene.

STEP 5: Perform hand hygiene

… thoroughly and effectively, as demonstrated in DOFFING STEP 3.

Trained monitor, ungloved, pumps alcohol-based hand rub into health care worker's hands.

STEP 6: Remove faceshield

  • Bending forward from the waist, grab the strap toward the back and pull it over your head, ensuring that the bottom of the faceshield does not touch yourself.
  • Gently allow the faceshield to fall forward.

Slow-motion of health care worker removing faceshield and discarding into waste receptacle.

  • Avoid touching the front of the faceshield to prevent contaminating yourself.
  • Discard the faceshield immediately into the waste receptacle.

If you wear prescription eye glasses, be careful not to drop them when removing the faceshield.

STEP 7: Perform hand hygiene

… thoroughly and effectively, as demonstrated in DOFFING STEP 3.

Trained monitor, ungloved, pumps alcohol-based hand rub into health care worker's hands.

STEP 8: Remove mask

  • Grasp the loops from behind your ears.
  • Pull them forward off your head, bending forward from the waist to allow the mask to fall away from your face.
  • Avoid touching the front of the mask to prevent contaminating yourself.

Slow-motion of health care worker removing mask and discarding into waste receptacle.

  • Discard the mask immediately into the waste receptacle.

If you wear prescription eye glasses, be careful not to drop them when removing the mask.

Trained Monitor checks off Step 8 of doffing checklist on clipboard.

STEP 9: Perform hand hygiene

… thoroughly and effectively, as demonstrated in DOFFING STEP 3.

STEP 10: Exit designated soiled area

Close-up health care worker's feet stepping over red tape, from designated soiled area into designated clean area.

  • Remember to perform self-care, as required.

Trained monitor and health care worker sign doffing checklist on clipboard and step off-screen.

The DOFFING procedure for lower risk of exposure to blood or other bodily fluids is now complete.

"Hi. I'm Erin Henry, Director of the Communicable Disease Control Division in the First Nations and Inuit Health Branch of Health Canada.

These videos were developed to complement comprehensive in-person training and practice sessions provided to health care professionals working in First Nations on-reserve health facilities across Canada.

It is important to remember that in order for personal protective equipment to be effective, you must receive prior training in selecting and using the equipment based on the point-of-care risk assessment.

This includes using and practicing the correct techniques for donning and doffing, discarding into designated waste containers, and effective hand washing to minimize the risk of transmission.

The information presented in the videos is based on currently available scientific evidence, and may be reviewed and revised as new information becomes available. What is key is that all techniques shown are based on infection prevention and control principles and precautions to guide you in protecting yourself, your patients, colleagues, and others."

For further information, please visit canada.ca/ebolavirus and royalcollege.ca/ebola.

This video is made possible by a joint collaboration between Health Canada, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the Public Health Agency of Canada, and IPAC Canada.

Credits appear on-screen.

Spokespeople:

  • Dr. Tom Wong
  • Dr. David Butler-Jones
  • Erin Henry

Nurse Demonstrators:

  • Andrea Coady
  • Tyla Turman

Project Team:

  • Véronique Cantin
  • Sabrina Chung
  • Andrea Coady
  • Amy Harik
  • Erin Henry
  • Fanie Lalonde
  • Kathleen Lydon-Hassen
  • Denise Taylor
  • Tyla Turman

Special Advisors:

  • Glenn Barton
  • Katherine Defalco
  • Diego Garcia
  • Angèle Landriault
  • Dr. Anne Matlow
  • Patricia Piaskowski
  • Infection Prevention and Control Expert Working Group, PHAC
  • IPAC Canada Expert Review Panel

A message from the Government of Canada.

© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Health, 2015. All rights reserved.

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