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Priority Substances List Assessment Report for Acetaldehyde

Environment Canada
Health Canada
2000
ISBN: 0-662-28654-5
Cat. No.: En 40-215/50E

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(PDF Version - 425 K)

Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999

Table of Contents

• List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
• Synopsis
• 1.0 Introduction
• 2.0 Summary of Information Critical to Assessment of "Toxic" under CEPA 1999
  • 2.1 Identity and Physical/Chemical Properties
  • 2.2 Entry Characterization
    • 2.2.1 Production, Importation, Exportation and Uses
    • 2.2.2 Sources and Releases
      • 2.2.2.1 Natural Sources
      • 2.2.2.2 Anthropogenic Sources
      • 2.2.2.3 Secondary Formation
  • 2.3 Exposure Characterization
    • 2.3.1 Environmental Fate
      • 2.3.1.1 Air
      • 2.3.1.2 Water
      • 2.3.1.3 Sediment
      • 2.3.1.4 Soil
      • 2.3.1.5 Biota
      • 2.3.1.6 Environmental Distribution
    • 2.3.2 Environmental Concentrations
      • 2.3.2.1 Ambient Air
      • 2.3.2.2 Indoor Air
      • 2.3.2.3 Ambient Water
      • 2.3.2.4 Drinking Water
      • 2.3.2.5 Sediment and Doil
      • 2.3.2.6 Biota
      • 2.3.2.7 Food
  • 2.4 Effects Characterization
    • 2.4.1 Ecotoxicology
      • 2.4.1.1 Terrestrial Organisms
      • 2.4.1.2 Aquatic Organisms
    • 2.4.2 Abiotic Atmospheric Effects
    • 2.4.3 Experimental Animals and in vitro
      • 2.4.3.1 Acute Toxicity
      • 2.4.3.2 Irritation and Sensitization
      • 2.4.3.3 Short-Term and Subchronic Toxicity
        • 2.4.3.3.1 Inhalation
        • 2.4.3.3.2 Ingestion
      • 2.4.3.4 Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
      • 2.4.3.5 Genotoxicity
      • 2.4.3.6 Reproductive and Developmental toxicity
      • 2.4.3.7 Neurological Effects and Effects on the Immune System
      • 2.4.3.8 Toxicokinetics and Mechanism of Action
    • 2.4.4 Humans
• 3.0 Assessment of "Toxic" Under CEPA 1999
  • 3.1 CEPA 1999 64(a): Environment
    • 3.1.1 Assessment Endpoints
      • 3.1.1.1 Terrestrial
      • 3.1.1.2 Aquatic
    • 3.1.2 Environmental Risk Characterization
      • 3.1.2.1 Terrestrial Organisms
      • 3.1.2.2 Aquatic Organisms
      • 3.1.2.3 Discussion of Uncertainty
  • 3.2 CEPA 1999 64(b): Environment Upon Which Life Depends
  • 3.3 CEPA 1999 64(c): Human Health
    • 3.3.1 Estimated Population Exposure
    • 3.3.2 Hazard Characterization
      • 3.3.2.1 Effects in Humans
      • 3.3.2.2 Effects in Experimental Animals
    • 3.3.3 Dose-Response Analyses
      • 3.3.3.1 Inhalation
      • 3.3.3.2 Ingestion
    • 3.3.4 Human Health Risk Characterization
    • 3.3.5 Uncertainties and Degree of Confidence in Human Health Risk Characterization
  • 3.4 Conclusions
  • 3.5 Considerations for Follow-Up (further action)
• 4.0 References
• Appendix A Search Strategies Employed for Identification of Relevant Data

List of Tables

• Table 1 - Physical and Chemical Properties of Acetaldehyde
• Table 2 - Summary of the Hyperconservative and Conservative Environmental Risk Analysis
• Table 3 - Benchmark Concentrations (BMC₀₅s and BMCL₀₅s) for Acetaldehyde Based on the Incidence of Degenerative Changes in the Nasal Olfactory Epithelium of Wistar Rats
• Table 4 - Tumorigenic Concentrations (TC₀₅ s and TC₀₅s) for Acetaldehyde Based on the Incidence of Tumours in the Nasal Cavity of Wistar Rats

List of Figures

• Figure 1 - BMCL₀₅s for Effects in the Nasal Olfactory Epithelium (Without Correction for Continuous Exposure)
• Figure 2 - TC₀₅ s for male Wistar Rats (Without Correction for Continuous Exposure)
• Figure 3 - TC₀₅s for Female Wistar Rats (Without Correction for Continuous Exposure)