Priority Substances List Assessment Report for Aluminum Chloride, Aluminum Nitrate, Aluminum Sulphate

Environment Canada
Health Canada
2000

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Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999

Table of Contents

• List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
• Synopsis
• 1.0 in troduction
• 2.0 Summary of Critical in formation
  • 2.1 Identity and Physical/Chemical Properties
  • 2.2 Entry Characterization
    • 2.2.1 Production, Importation, Exportation and Use
      • 2.2.1.1 Aluminum Chloride
      • 2.2.1.2 Aluminum Nitrate
      • 2.2.1.3 Aluminum Sulfate
    • 2.2.2 Sources and Releases
      • 2.2.2.1 Natural Sources
      • 2.2.2.2 Anthropogenic Sources
  • 2.3 Exposure Characterization
    • 2.3.1 Environmental Fate
      • 2.3.1.1 Air
      • 2.3.1.2 Water
      • 2.3.1.3 Soil
      • 2.3.1.4 Sediment
      • 2.3.1.5 Biota
    • 2.3.2 Environmental Concentrations
      • 2.3.2.1 Ambient Air
      • 2.3.2.2 in door Air
      • 2.3.2.3 Surface Water
      • 2.3.2.4 Drinking Water
      • 2.3.2.5 Soil
      • 2.3.2.6 Sediment
      • 2.3.2.7 Vegetation
      • 2.3.2.8 Food
      • 2.3.2.9 Consumer Products
  • 2.4 Effects Characterization
    • 2.4.1 Ecotoxicology
      • 2.4.1.1 Aquatic Organisms
        • 2.4.1.1.1 Pelagic
        • 2.4.1.1.2 Benthic
      • 2.4.1.2 Terrestrial Organisms
    • 2.4.2 Abiotic Atmospheric Effects
    • 2.4.3 Experimental Animals and In Vitro
    • 2.4.4 Humans
    • 2.4.5 Supporting Data - Aluminum and Alzheimer'S Disease
    • 2.4.6 Mode of Action
• 3.0 Risk Characterization
  • 3.1 Environment
    • 3.1.1 Gerneral Considerations
    • 3.1.2 Environmental Risk Characterization
      • 3.1.2.1 Aquatic Organisms
        • 3.1.2.1.1 Pelagic
        • 3.1.2.1.2 Benthic
      • 3.1.2.2 Terrestrial Organisms
      • 3.1.2.3 Uncertainty and Recommendations
  • 3.2 Environment Upon Which Life Depends
  • 3.3 Human Health
    • 3.3.1 Population Exposure
      • 3.3.1.1 Estimated Population Exposure
      • 3.3.1.2 Bioavailability
      • 3.3.1.3 Factors in Fluencing Oral Bioavailability
    • 3.3.2 Hazard Characterization
  • 3.4 Uncertainties and Recommendations
• 4.0 References
• Appendix A: Search Strategies for Identification of Relevant Data

List of Tables

• Table 1: Physicochemical Properties of Aluminum Chloride, Aluminum Nitrate and Aluminum Sulfate
• Table 2: Production, Importation, Exportation and Apparent Consumption of Aluminum Chloride and Aluminum Sulfate in Canada for 1995 and 1996
• Table 3: Aluminum Salt and Aluminum (mixed results) Releases Reported by Canadian in Dustries for 1996
• Table 4: Sludge Disposal Practices for Drinking Water Treatment Plants Using Aluminum-Based Coagulants (mean for 1995 and 1996)
• Table 5: Estimated Total and Dissolved in Organic Aluminum Concentrations in Receiving Waters and Effluents from Selected Drinking Water Treatment Plants and Pulp and Paper Mills
• Table 6: Neurological Effects of Orally Administered Aluminum Salts on Rats, Mice and Monkeys
• Table 7: Neurological Effects of Aluminum Salts Administered Orally to Rats and Mice During Gestation, Weaning and/or Post-Weaning
• Table 8: Analytical Epidemiological Studies of Exposure to Aluminum in Drinking Water and Alzheimer's Disease or Dementia
• Table 9: Estimated Daily in Take of Total Aluminum by The General Population of Canada
• Table 10: Estimated Daily in Take of Total Aluminum from Orally Administered Over-The-Counter Therapeutic Products for Those Who Use Products Sold in Canada Containing Aluminum Compounds as Active in Gredients
• Table 11: Estimated Daily Dermal Exposure to Total Aluminum From Cosmetic Products for Those Adults (20-59 years) Who Use Products Sold in Canada Containing Aluminum Compounds as Active in Gredients

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Solubility of Aluminum Species (and Total Aluminum, Al_t) in Relation to pH in A System in Equilibrium with Microcrystalline Gibbsite