Journal Publications

2006	2005	2004	2003	2002	2001
2000	1999	1998	1997	1996	1995
1994	1993	1992	1991	1989	1988
1987	1984	1983	1982	1981	1980
1979	1977	1976

2006

Kramer GH, Hauck BM. The sliced BOMAB phantom: a new variant for intercomparison. Health Phys. 90(2): 161-166; 2006.

2005

Kramer GH, Capello K, Ho A. A new phantom for use in whole body counters: a Monte Carlo design project. Health Phys 88: 80-83; 2005.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM. Evaluation of the new graded Z liner in the Human Monitoring Laboratory’s lung counter. Rad Prot Dosim 113(2): 211-213; 2005.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM, Capello K. Performance characteristics of a commercially available whole body counting phantom measured experimentally and using Monte Carlo simulations. Health Phys. 88(4): 350-356; 2005.

Kramer GH, Capello K. Effect of lung volume on counting efficiency: a Monte Carlo investigation. Health Phys. 88(4): 357-363; 2005.

Kramer GH, Capello K, Ross K. The W-chair whole body counter: a Monte Carlo investigation. Health Phys. 88(4): 364-370; 2005.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM. The HML’s new lung counter: calibration and comparison with the previous system and the Cameco Corporation’s lung counter. Health Phys. 89(4): 383-392; 2005.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM, Capello K The HML’s new field deployable high resolution whole body counter. Health Phys. 89(Supplement 5):S60-S68; 2005.

2004

Takala J, Kramer GH. Group monitoring and other new techniques, applied to the lung counting of workers occupationally exposed to insoluble natural uranium. Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 3a22

Kramer GH, Hauck BM, Marro L, Inn KGW, Unterweger M, Hodge P. The use of autoradiography for investigating the distribution of radioactivity in lung counter calibration sources. Health Phys. 86(4): 359 - 364; 2004.

Kramer GH, Fung J. A Monte Carlo evaluation of the Canadian FastScan whole body counters and comparison to real measurements. Health Phys 86: S128; 2004.

Kramer GH. The LLNL phantom's short lungs - are they a problem? Health Phys 86: S128; 2004.

Kramer GH. Increased emergency response activities of the Human Monitoring Laboratory following the tragic events of 11 th September, 2001. Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 3a19.

Kramer GH, Fung J. The FastScan whole body counter: efficiency as a function of BOMAB phantom size and energy modelled by MCNP. Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 3a20.

Kramer GH, Capello K. Calibration of the HML's portable whole body counter as a function of BOMAB phantom size and energy modelled by MCNP. Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 3a21.

Kramer GH. The journey from uncertified to accreditation under ISO9000 for a provider of In Vivo intercomparison programmes. Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 5a5.

Kramer GH. The LLNL phantom redesigned! Sacrilege or progress? Proceedings of the 2004 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Madrid, 23-28 May, 2004. p 3a23.

2003

Kramer GH. In Vivo counting in Canada In: IAEA Technical Committee. Intercalibration of in vivo counting systems using an Asian phantom. Vienna: Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique AIEA-TECDOC-1334, 2003.

Kramer GH, Guerriere S. Comparison of sliced lungs with whole lung sets for a torso phantom measured with Ge detectors using Monte Carlo simulations (MCNP). Health Phys. 84(2) 222 226; 2003.

Kramer GH. Meeting Report: The annual Radiobioassay and Radiochemical Measurement Conference. Health Physics Newsletter February 2003.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM, Allen SA, Dantas BM, Dantas ALA, Azeredo AMGF Lung Counting: summing techniques to reduce the MDA. Health Phys. 85(2): 220-227; 2003.

Kramer GH, Burns LC, Thind KS. Monte Carlo simulations: a useful tool to extend in vivo calibrations and explore alternative approaches. Rad Prot Dosim 105: 553-556; 2003.

Takala JM, Kramer GH. Use of group monitoring data in lung dose estimation for intakes of uranium. Rad Prot Dosim 105: 409 - 412; 2003.

Kramer GH, Allen SA, Groff D. Problems encountered during the calibration of the new Cameco mobile lung counter: detector size or phantom limitation?. Health Phys. 85(6): 751 - 758; 2003.

2002

Kramer GH, Burns LC, Guerriere S. Monte Carlo simulation of a scanning detector whole body counter and the effect of BOMAB phantom size on the calibration. Health Phys. 83(4) 526-533; 2002

Kramer GH, Hauck BM, Chamberlain MJ. Biological Half-life of iodine in adults with intact thyroid function and in athyreotic persons. Rad Prot. Dosim. 102(2): 129-135; 2002.

Kramer GH, Hauck BM. Comparison of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Torso Pantoms. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 102(4): 323-332; 2002.

2001

Kramer, G.H., Hauck, B.M., Allen, S.A. Chest Wall Thickness measurements and the dosimetric implications for male workers in the Uranium Industry. Health Phys. 80(1): 74-80; 2001.

Kramer, G.H.; Loesch, R.M.; Olsen, P.C. The second international In Vivo monitoring intercomparison program for whole body counting facilities by Canadian and United States Agencies. Health Phys. 80(3): 214-224; 2001.

Kramer, G.H.; Hauck, B.M. Comparison of two JAERI phantoms and the problems discovered. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 94(4): 359-364; 2001.

Kramer, G.H.; Lee, T.-Y.; Lee, J.-L; Chang, S.-Y. Chest Wall Thickness Measurements and the Dosimetric Implications for Male Workers in the South Korean Uranium Industry. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 95(1): 31-35; 2001.

Webb, J.L.; Kramer, G.H. An evaluation of Germanium detectors employed for the measurement of radionuclides deposited in the lung using an experimental and Monte Carlo approach. Health Phys. 81(6): 711-719; 2001

2000

Tracy, B.L., Kramer, G.H. A method for estimating Caribou consumption by Northern Canadians. Arctic 53(1): 42-52; 2000.

Kramer, G.H. Special Report: the 1999 Gaithersburg Bioassay Conferences. Rad. Prot. Manag. 17(1): 23-24, 2000.

Kramer, G.H. Performance Testing of the Canberra FastScan Whole Body Counters in Canada. Rad. Prot. Manag. 17(1): 31-38, 2000.

Kramer, G.H, Crowley, P. The assessment of the effect of thyroid size and shape on the activity estimate using Monte Carlo simulation. Health Phys. 78(6): 727-738; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Crowley, P., Burns, L.C. The uncertainty in the activity estimate from a lung count due to the variability in chest wall thickness profile. Health Phys. 78(6): 739-743; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Crowley, P., Burns, L.C. Investigating the impossible: Monte Carlo simulations. Rad. Prot. Manag. 17(2): 29-37; 2000.

Webb, J.L., Kramer, G.H. An evaluation of germanium detectors employed for the measurement of radionuclides deposited in lungs using and experimental and Monte Carlo approach. Health Phys. 78(6): S117; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Lee, T-Y., Chang, S-Y. Chest wall thickness measurements of the LLNL phantom for small area germanium detector counting. Health Physics 79(2): 203-206; 2000.

Kramer, G.H.; Hauck, B.M. Intercomparison of JAERI torso phantom lung sets. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 88(4): 311-317; 2000.

Kramer, G.H, Crowley, P. An improved virtual torso phantom. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 88(3): 233 237; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Crowley, P., Burns, L.C. Investigating the impossible: Monte Carlo simulations. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 89(3-4): 259-262; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Hauck, B.M., Lee, T-Y, Chang, S-Y. Sliced lungs sets, an alternative to whole lung sets? Rad. Prot. Dosim. 89(3-4): 309-313; 2000.

Kramer, G.H., Lopez, M.A., Webb, J. A joint HML-CIEMAT-CEMRC project: testing a function to fit counting efficiency of a lung counting germanium detector array to muscle equivalent chest wall thickness and photon energy using a realistic torso phantom over an extended energy range. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 92(4): 323-328; 2000.

1999

Rajagopal, V; Maithiyarasu, R.; Danalakshmi, B.; Sreedevi, K.R.; Kramer, G.H.; Olsen, P.C.; Loesch, R.M. Performance of whole body-counters at IGCAR in an intercomparison exercise. Rad Prot. Dosim. 82(1): 19-23; 1999

Kramer, G.H; Hauck, B.M; Lee, T-Y: Chang, S-Y. Comparison of sliced and whole lung sets for the LLNL and JAERI Torso Phantoms using Ge Detectors. Health Phys. 76(5): 547-552; 1999.

Kramer, G.H; Burns, L.C. Evaluation of the Effect of Chest Wall Thickness, Tissue Composition, and Photon Energy on the Quantity Muscle-Equivalent Chest-Wall-Thickness by Monte Carlo Simulation. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 82 (2): 115-124; 1999.

Kramer G.H.; Hauck, B.M. Efficiency Maps of the LLNL and JAERI Realistic Torso Phantoms Using a 70 mm Diameter Germanium Detector and Implications for the Minimum Detectable Activity. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 82(2): 131-140; 1999.

Kramer, G.H; Yiu, S.; Hauck, B.M; Burns, L.C. A virtual phantom and its comparison to the LLNL and JAERI torso phantoms. Rad. Prot. Man. 16(1): 51 - 64; 1999.

Kramer, G.H.; Hauck, B.M. The effect of lung deposition patterns on the activity estimate obtained from a large area germanium detector lung counter. Health Phys. 77(1): 24-32; 1999

Kramer, G.H. Lung counting: a function to fit counting efficiency of a lung counting germanium detector array to muscle-equivalent-chest-wall-thickness and photon energy using a realistic torso phantom. Health Phys. 77(2): 207-213, 1999

Kramer, G.H., Loesch, R.M., Olsen, P.C. The 1993 intercomparison of the measurement of In Vivo radioactivity. Rad. Prot. Dosim. 86(3): 197-206; 1999.

1998

Kramer GH.; Lee T.Y.; Kim J.S. A joint HML-KAERI project: comparison of the LLNL and JAERI torso phantoms using four 50 mm Ge detectors. Health Phys. 74(5):613-618; 1998.

Kramer G.H.; Hauck, B.M.; Allen, S.A. Comparison of the LLNL and JAERI torso phantoms using Ge detectors and phoswich detectors. Health Phys. 74(5):594-601; 1998.

Kramer G.H. Special Report: The 43rd annual conference on Bioassay, Analytical, and Environmental Radiochemistry November 1997. Rad Prot man. 15(2):6-8;1998.

Kramer, G.H., and Niven, E.S. Feasibility studies of a method for determining depleted uranium deposited in human limbs. AFRRI Special Publication. 98-3, 39-40 1998.

1997

Kramer, G.H., Burns, L.C. Chest wall thickness measurements; the alternative approach extended for 241Am. Health Physics 72(2): 309-312; 1997.

Tracy, B.L., Kramer, G.H., Zielinski, J.M., Jiang, H. Radiocesium body burdens in residents of Northern Canada from 1963-1990. Health Physics 72(3): 431-442; 1997.

Kramer G.H. Yiu, S. Examination of the effect of counting geometry on 125I monitoring using MCNP. Health Physics 73(3): 465-470; 1997

Kramer, G.H., Burns, L.C. The Canadian National Thyroid Intercomparison Program RSO Magazine Jan/Feb 16-19; 1997

Kramer, G.H., Burns, L.C. The Canadian National Thyroid Intercomparison Program Radiation Protection Management 14(1): 55-58; 1997

Kramer, G.H., Hauck, B.M. Germanium Detector Quality Control: Measurement of liquid nitrogen loss from the germanium detector's Dewar. Radiation Protection Management 14(3): 61-63; 1997

Kramer, G.H., Hauck, B.M. Chest wall thickness measurements of the LLNL and JAERI torso phantoms for germanium counting. Health Physics 73(5): 831-837; 1997

Kramer, G.H., Burns, L.C. and Yiu, S. Lung Counting: evaluation of uncertainties in lung burden estimation arising from a heterogeneous deposition using Monte Carlo code simulations Rad. Prot. Dosim. 74(3): 173-182; 1997

Fitzgerald K, and Kramer G.H. The HML's lung counting system: lessons learned. Radiation Protection Management 14(5): 58-64; 1997

Quastel M.R., Goldsmith J.R, Cwikel J., Merkin L., Yflach-Wishkerman V., Poljak S., Abdelgani A., Kordysh E., Douvdevani A., Levy Y., Gorodisher R., Barki Y., Emerit I., Kramer G. Lessons learned from the study of immigrants to Israel from areas of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine contaminated by the Chernobyl accident. Environmental Health Perspectives. Env. Health Perspec 105(S6): 1523-1528; 1997.

Kramer GH. Considerations in assigning dose based on uncertainties from In Vivo counting Environmental Health Perspectives 105(S6): 1393-1395; (1997)

Kramer GH, Chamberlain MJ, Yiu S. A study of thyroid radioiodine monitoring by Monte Carlo simulation: implications for equipment design. Phys Med. Biol. 42(11): 2175-2182; (1997).

1996

Kramer G.H., Yiu S. Counting Geometry and its Influence on Thyroid Monitoring. Health Physics 70(2): 270-271; 1996

Kramer G.H., Olender G., Vlahovich S., Hauck B.M., Meyerhof D.P. Comparison of the ANSI, RSD, KKH and BRMD Thyroid-Neck Phantoms for 125I thyroid monitoring. Health Physics 70(3): 425-429; 1996

Kramer G.H., Badreddine A., Tran T., Meyerhof D.P. Dosimetry of An Incident Involving 14C. Health Physics 70(3): 418-424; 1996

Kramer G.H., Loesch R.M., Olsen P.C. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In Vivo Monitoring and the United States Department of Energy International In-Vivo Intercomparison. Proceedings of the 1996 International Congress on Radiation Protection, Vienna, 14-19 April, 1996. Vol 2, p 2-409

Kramer, G.H.; Yiu, S. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part VI: Choosing a Detector for either 125I and/or 131I. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 27(2) 74-79, 1996.

Kramer, G.H.; Yiu, S. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part VII: Effect of counting geometry on 131I monitoring. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 27(3) 116-121, 1996

Kramer, G.H., Gamarnik, K., Noël, L., Burns, L.C., Meyerhof, D. The BRMD Thyroid-Neck Phantom: Design and Construction. Health Physics 71(2):211-214; 1996

Lentle, B.C., Arsenault, A., Burnham, J.U., Dupras, G., Gordon, K.L., Kramer, G.H., Lambert, R.P., Marko, A.M., Vincent, D.J. The management of radiation protection programs for medical and academic institutions. Ottawa, ON: Advisory Committee on Radiological Protection; ACRP Report 16; 1996.

Kramer, G.H. Considerations in assigning dose based on In Vivo counting. Public Health Reviews 24: 259; 1996

1995

Quastel M.R., Kramer G.H., Goldsmith J.R, Poljak S., Kordysh E., Cohen R., Noel L., Gorodisher R. Radiocesium Body Burdens in Immigrants to Israel from Areas of the Ukraine, Byelorus and Russia near Chernobyl. Health Physics 69(1):102-110; 1995

Kramer, G.H.; Burns, L.C. Effect of Radionuclide Distributions on Lung Counting Efficiency. Rad. Prot. Dos. 61(1-3):145-147; 1995

Kramer G.H., Hoshi M., Okajima S. Further Response to Watson. Health Physics 69(6): 987 987; 1995

Kramer G.H. The Canadian Whole Body Counting Intercomparison Programme: A Summary Report for 1989-1993. Health Physics 69(4): 560-565; 1995

1994

Kramer G.H. and Tracy B.L. Radiocesium in Children from Belarus. Health Physics. 66 439-443 1994

Kramer G.H. and Puscalau M. Chest Wall Thickness Measurements for Enriched Uranium: An Alternative Approach Health Physics 66 573-576 1994.

IAEA Technical Committee. Rapid Monitoring of Large Groups of Internally Contaminated People. IAEA Tehnical Report, IAEA-TECDOC-746, 1994.

Kramer G.H. and Webber C.E. Measurement of the Natural Uranium Content of Fabricated, Tissue Substitute Lung Sets by Dual Photon Absorptiometry. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 45(7) 749-752, 1994

Kramer, G.H.; Meyerhof, D.P. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part II: Source of Errors in Thyroid Monitoring of Occupationally Exposed Personnel. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 25(1) 21-24, 1994

Kramer, G.H.; Meyerhof, D.P. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part III: A Basic Calibration Procedure for Thyroid Monitoring. JCanadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 25(2) 61-63, 1994

Kramer, G.H.; Meyerhof, D.P. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part IV: Optimising a Counting System that uses a Single Channel Analyzer. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 25(3) 100-103, 1994

Kramer, G.H.; Meyerhof, D.P. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part V: Minimising Placement Error in a Thyroid Monitoring System. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 25(4) 125-128, 1994

Kramer, G.H.; Limson Zamora, M. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for Bioassay and In-Vivo Monitoring: A Program Summary;. Health Physics 67(2) 192-196 1994

1993

Tracy B.L., Kramer G.H. Limson-Zamora M., and Zielinski J. Human Uptake of Radiocesium from Caribou Meat Rad Prot Dosimetry 48(4) 317-323 1993

Kramer, G.H.; Burns, L.C.; Meyerhof, D.P. The Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for In-Vivo Monitoring: Thyroid Monitoring. Part I: The National Inter-Comparison Programme. Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology 24(4) 157-160, 1993

Kramer G.H. and Tracy B.L. Assessment of Health Risks from Fallout Radiocesium in a Hunting and Food Gathering Society Public Health Review 1992/93 20(1-2): 75-86

1992

Kramer G.H. et Webber C.E. Evaluation of The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Torso Phantom by Bone Densitometry and X-ray Appl. Radiat. Isot. 43(6) 795-800, 1992

1991

Kramer G.H. and Inn K.G.W. A Summary of the Proceedings of the Workshop on Standard Phantoms for In-Vivo Radioactivity Measurement Health Physics 61(6) 893-894, 1991

Kramer G.H., Noel L. and Burns L.C. The BRMD BOMAB Family, Health Physics, 61(6) 895-902, 1991

1989

Kramer G.H. Trace Element Determination in the Human Body Invited Paper for TrAC 8 118 1989

Kramer G.H., Diebert T. and Leon J.W. Calibration of a Double Phoswich Detector Assembly for Estimation of Homogeneously or Inhomogeneously Distributed Am-241 and/or Pu-239 in Untreated Fecal Samples. Health Physics 56 361 1989

1988

Kramer G.H. Nuclear Analytical Techniques Invited Paper for TrAC 7, 6, 1988

1987

Kramer G.H. 32nd Annual Conference on Bioassay, Analytical and Environmental Radiochemistry - Meeting Report Invited paper for TrAC 6 XII 1987

Johnson J.R., Lamothe E.S., and Kramer G.H. The Measurement of Low Energy Beta Particle Emitting Radionuclides in the Lung using Phoswich Detectors. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 20(4) 267-269 1987

1984

Kramer G.H. and Joseph S. "The Simultaneous Analysis of Chlorine-36, Sulphur-35 and Phosphorus-32 in Urine". Can. J. Chem. 62 2344 1984

Kramer G.H. "The Optimisation of the Analysis of Nickel-63 in Urine". Health Physics 47 623 1984

1983

Kramer G.H. "The Determination of Technetium-99 in Urine". Can. J. Chem. 61 1949 1983

Johnson J.R., Dunford D.W. and Kramer G.H. "Summary of a Strontium-89 Contamination Case". Rad. Prot. Dos. 5 247 1983

1982

Kramer G.H. and Davies J.M. "The isolation of Strontium-90, Yttrium-90, Promethium-147 and Cerium-144 from Wet Ashed Urine by Calcium Oxalate Coprecipitation and Sequential Solvent Extraction". Anal. Chem. 54 1428 1982

1981

Amer S., Kramer G.H. and Poe A.J. "Thermal Homolytic Fission of the Mo-Mo Bond in (C5H5)2Mo2(CO)6" J. Organometallic Chem. 209 C28 1981

1980

Kramer G.H., Patterson J. and Poe A.J. "Electrophilic Attack of Metal Carbonyls. Kinetics of Halogens with some Dimetal Carbonyls". Inorg. Chem. 19 1161 1980

1979

Kramer G.H., Patterson J. and Poe A.J. "Reaction Mechanisms of Metal-Metal Bonded Carbonyls. Part 21. Reactions of Bromine with some Substituted Binuclear Carbonyls". J. Chem. Soc. Dalt. 1165 1979

1977

Kramer G.H., Ng L. and Poe A.J. "Kinetics of Reaction of Bromine and Iodine with some Substituted Dimanganese and Dirhenium Carbonyls", J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm. 265 1977

1976

Ichimura T., Kirk A.W., Kramer G.H. and Tsuichow-Roux E. "Photolysis of Ethyl Chloride (Freon 160) at 147 nm", J. Photochem 6 77 1976