International Standards

A world of resources: International standards & GM foods

Genetically modified (GM) food is a matter of major importance to the whole world.

It has the potential to boost crop yields on good land and make unproductive land more bountiful in countries that struggle to feed their people. It can enhance the food we eat with additional vitamins and nutrients that improve health and sustain life. It can allow farmers to reduce the amount of noxious chemicals used in pesticides, easing impact on the ecosystem.

But what are the risks? While no major health hazards have been reported since the introduction of GM foods in the mid-1990s, some people are concerned that genetically modifying the foods we eat could make them less safe. Some worry about the possible transfer of toxins or allergens from one plant species to another, or the potential introduction of new toxins or allergens into the food chain.

Health Canada is responsible for ensuring that all foods - including those derived from biotechnology - are safe before they enter the Canadian food system. The Department's Food Directorate takes a cautious, case-by-case approach, employing the best practices and current international scientific evidence to determine if a GM food should be permitted for sale.

Health Canada uses international scientific principles and the guidelines of the Codex Alimentarius, which is compiled, maintained and updated by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The Commission was established in 1963 by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization to protect the health of consumers and ensure fair practices in the international food trade.

Because GM food is a worldwide issue, Health Canada's cooperation with international counterparts and organizations is vitally important to share knowledge and address the challenges that new technologies present. By building on existing international collaborations in scientific and regulatory areas, Health Canada is better able to more effectively regulate GM foods.

The approach followed by Health Canada is all part of ensuring the safety of Canada's food supply, achieving maximum benefits from new sources of nutrition and helping protect the health of Canadians.