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Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey

Table 1: Main CADUMS indicators by sex and by age - Alcohol
Table 2: Main CADUMS indicators by province - Alcohol
Table 3: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by sex - Alcohol
Table 4: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by age - Alcohol
Table 5: Main CADUMS indicators by sex and by age -Drugs
Table 6: Main CADUMS indicators by province -Drugs
Table 7: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by sex - Drugs
Table 8: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by age - Drugs

Table 1: Main CADUMS indicators by sex and by age - Alcohol
		Overall	Males	Females	*¹	15-24	25+	*²
N - Sample size ¹ Significant differences between males and females ² Significant differences between youth age 15-24 and adults age 25+ ³ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ⁴ Among total population ⁵ Among total population ⁶ Among current drinkers
	N=	16,640	6,583	10,057		1,443	15,197
Alcohol
Lifetime Use	14,955	90.2 [89.2-91.1]	93.0 [91.7-94.1]	87.5 [86.0-88.8]	*	83.5 [79.7-86.8]	91.4 [90.5-92.3]	*
Past 12 month Use	12,423	77.3 [76.0-78.6]	81.4 [79.5-83.1]	73.5 [71.7-75.3]	*	78.4 [74.2-82.1]	77.1 [75.8-78.4]
Past 30 days Use	10,043	64.4 [62.9-65.8]	70.6 [68.4-72.7]	58.6 [56.6-60.5]	*	63.3 [58.6-67.8]	64.6 [63.1-66.1]
Age of initiation (years)		18.0 [17.9-18.2]	17.4 [17.2-17.6]	18.6 [18.4-18.8]	*	15.6 [15.4-15.8]	18.5 [18.3-18.6]	*
Alcohol Pattern
Abstainer	1,675	9.9 [9.0-10.9]	7.0 [5.8-8.3]	12.6 [11.3-14.1]	*	16.8 [13.5-20.8]	8.6 [7.7-9.5]	*
Former drinker	2,506	13.0 [12.0-14.0]	11.8 [10.4-13.4]	14.0 [12.8-15.4]		5.2 [3.4-7.9]	14.4 [13.4-15.6]	*
Light infrequent	6,271	36.3 [34.8-37.8]	30.8 [28.6-33.1]	41.5 [39.5-43.4]	*	35.5 [31.0-40.3]	36.4 [34.9-38.0]
Light frequent	4,642	31.5 [30.1-33.0]	36.8 [34.6-39.2]	26.5 [24.8-28.3]		16.2 [12.8-20.3]	34.4 [32.9-36.0]	*
Heavy infrequent	662	4.2 [3.6-4.9]	5.7 [4.7-7.0]	2.8 [2.2-3.5]	*	12.7 [9.9-16.0]	2.6 [2.2-3.1]	*
Heavy frequent	713	5.1 [4.4-6.0]	7.9 [6.6-9.3]	2.6 [1.9-3.6]	*	13.5 [10.5-17.3]	3.6 [3.0-4.3]	*
Alcohol related harms to self³
Any alcohol harm in lifetime⁴	2,799	17.6 [16.4-18.9]	23.7 [21.7-25.8]	11.9 [10.6-13.4]	*	24.8 [20.8-29.2]	16.2 [15.1-17.5]	*
Any alcohol harm in past year⁵	862	6.8 [6.0-7.8]	8.7 [7.4-10.2]	5.1 [4.1-6.3]	*	17.9 [14.6-21.9]	4.7 [4.0-5.5]	*
Any alcohol harm in past year⁶	844	8.7 [7.7-9.9]	10.6 [9.0-12.4]	6.8 [5.5-8.4]	*	23.0 [18.8-27.8]	5.9 [5.1-7.0]	*

Table 2: Main CADUMS indicators by province - Alcohol
		Canada	NL	PE	NS	NB	QC	ON	MB	SK	AB	BC
N - Sample size Q - Estimate qualified due to high sampling variability; interpret with caution * Significant difference between province and national estimate ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Among total population ³ Among total population ⁴ Among current drinkers
	N=	16,640	1,005	1,006	1,007	1,006	1,005	1,008	1,004	1,008	4,596	3,995
Alcohol
Lifetime Use	14,955	90.2	87.7	90.3	87.9	88.4	92.0	89.7	89.6	90.4	89.6	89.6
Past 12 month Use	12,423	77.3	73.1*	73.7	71.6*	74.0	80.9	76.4	77.4	75.4	76.7	77.0
Past 30 days Use	10,043	64.4	58.5*	58.4*	56.8*	55.7*	69.0*	63.8	63.6	61.2	62.2	64.6
Alcohol Pattern
Abstainer	1,675	9.9	12.5	9.8	12.2	11.8	8.1	10.3	10.5	9.7	10.4	10.4
Former drinker	2,506	13.0	14.7	16.7*	16.4*	14.7	11.2	13.5	12.3	15.1	13.2	12.8
Light infrequent	6,271	36.3	35.5	37.1	36.3	37.3	36.5	35.4	38.8	37.1	39.6*	34.9
Light frequent	4,642	31.5	18.8*	22.4*	21.5*	21.9*	37.8*	31.6	25.9*	23.6*	26.3*	33.1
Heavy infrequent	662	4.2	9.1*	7.9*	6.6	6.9*	2.9Q	3.9	6.2	7.5*	4.7	4.0
Heavy frequent	713	5.1	9.4*	6.0	7.0	7.3	3.5Q	5.4	6.2	7.0	5.9	4.8
Alcohol Related harms to self¹
Any alcohol harm- lifetime²	2,799	17.6	15.1	18.0	18.9	14.3	14.0	17.9	18.1	23.5*	19.6	21.0*
Any alcohol harm - past year³	862	6.8	7.1	5.5	7.0	4.3	6.3	6.9	6.2	8.9	6.8	7.8
Any alcohol harm in past year⁴	844	8.7	9.6	7.3	9.6	5.6	7.8	8.9	7.9	11.8	8.8	9.9

Table 3: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by sex - Alcohol
	CAS Overall	CADUMS Overall	CAS Males	CADUMS Males	CAS Females	CADUMS Females
N - Sample size * Significant difference between estimate for CADUMS and corresponding estimate from CAS ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Among total population ³ Among total population ⁴ Among current users
N=	13,909	16,640	5,721	6,583	8,188	10,057
Alcohol
Lifetime Use	92.8 [91.6-93.9]	90.2 [89.2-91.1]*	94.6 [93.3-95.7]	93.0 [91.7-94.1]	91.1 [89.0-92.8]	87.5 [86.0-88.8]*
Past 12 month Use	79.3 [78.1-80.5]	77.3 [76.0-78.6]	82.0 [80.1-83.8]	81.4 [79.5-83.1]	76.8 [75.1-78.4]	73.5 [71.7-75.3]
Age of Initiation (Years)	17.9 [17.8-18.1]	18.0 [17.9-18.2]	17.1 [16.9-17.3]	17.4 [17.2-17.6]	18.7 [18.5-19.0]	18.6 [18.4-18.8]
Alcohol Pattern
Abstainer	7.3 [6.5-8.1]	9.9 [9.0-10.9]*	6.0 [4.9-7.3]	7.0 [5.8-8.3]	8.5 [7.4-9.7]	12.6 [11.3-14.1]*
Former drinker	13.7 [12.7-14.7]	13.0 [12.0-14.0]	12.2 [10.8-13.8]	11.8 [10.4-13.4]	15.0 [13.7-16.5]	14.0 [12.8-15.4]
Light infrequent	38.7 [37.2-40.2]	36.3 [34.8-37.8]	29.4 [27.3-31.6]	30.8 [28.6-33.1]	47.4 [45.4-49.4]	41.5 [39.5-43.4]*
Light frequent	27.7 [26.3-29.2]	31.5 [30.1-33.0]*	33.4 [31.2-35.7]	36.8 [34.6-39.2]	22.3 [20.7-24.1]	26.5 [24.8-28.3]*
Heavy infrequent	5.6 [5.0-6.3]	4.2 [3.6-4.9]*	7.4 [6.3-8.6]	5.7 [4.7-7.0]	3.9 [3.3-4.6]	2.8 [2.2-3.5]
Heavy frequent	7.1 [6.3-7.9]	5.1 [4.4-6.0]*	11.6 [10.2-13.1]	7.9 [6.6-9.3]*	2.8 [2.3-3.6]	2.6 [1.9-3.6]
Alcohol related harms¹
Any alcohol harm to self in lifetime²	22.4 [21.2-23.7]	17.6 [16.4-18.9]*	28.3 [26.3-30.4]	23.7 [21.7-25.8]*	16.8 [15.4-18.3]	11.9 [10.6-13.4]*
Any alcohol harm to self in past year³	7.1 [6.3-7.9]	6.8 [6.0-7.8]	8.8 [7.6-10.2]	8.7 [7.4-10.2]	5.5 [4.7-6.5]	5.1 [4.1-6.3]
Any alcohol harm to self in past year⁴	8.8 [7.9-9.8]	8.7 [7.7-9.9]	10.5 [9.0-12.2]	10.6 [9.0-12.4]	7.1 [6.0-8.4]	6.8 [5.5-8.4]

Table 4: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by age - Alcohol
	CAS Overall	CADUMS Overall	CAS 15-24	CADUMS 15-24	CAS 25+	CADUMS 25+
N - Sample size * Significant difference between estimate for CADUMS and corresponding estimate from CAS ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Among total population ³ Among total population ⁴ Among current drinkers
N=	13,909	16,640	2,085	1,443	11,519	15,197
Alcohol
Lifetime Use	92.8 [91.6-93.9]	90.2 [89.2-91.1]*	90.0 [85.4-93.2]	83.5 [79.7-86.8]	93.6 [92.3-94.6]	91.4 [90.5-92.3]
Past 12 month Use	79.3 [78.1-80.5]	77.3 [76.0-78.6]	82.9 [79.8-85.6]	78.4 [74.2-82.1]	78.8 [77.5-80.2]	77.1 [75.8-78.4]
Age of Initiation (Years)	17.9 [17.8-18.1]	18.0 [17.9-18.2]	15.6 [15.4-15.7]	15.6 [15.4-15.8]	18.3 [18.1-18.5]	18.5 [18.3-18.6]
Alcohol Pattern
Abstainer	7.3 [6.5-8.4]	9.9 [9.0-10.9]*	9.3 [7.2-12.0]	16.8 [13.5-20.8]*	6.6 [5.8-7.5]	8.6 [7.7-9.5]*
Former drinker	13.7 [12.7-14.7]	13.0 [12.0-14.0]	8.1 [6.2-10.3]	5.2 [3.4-7.9]	14.8 [13.7-16.0]	14.4 [13.4-15.6]
Light infrequent	38.7 [37.2-40.2]	36.3 [34.8-37.8]	38.7 [35.0-42.4]	35.5 [31.0-40.3]	38.6 [36.9-40.2]	36.4 [34.9-38.0]
Light frequent	27.7 [26.3-29.2]	31.5 [30.1-33.0]*	16.1 [13.3-19.4]	16.2 [12.8-20.3]	30.2 [28.6-31.8]	34.4 [32.9-36.0]*
Heavy infrequent	5.6 [5.0-6.3]	4.2 [3.6-4.9]*	13.3 [11.1-15.9]	12.7 [9.9-16.0]	4.1 [3.5-4.7]	2.6 [2.2-3.1]*
Heavy frequent	7.1 [6.3-7.9]	5.1 [4.4-6.0]*	14.5 [12.0-17.4]	13.5 [10.5-17.3]	5.8 [5.0-6.6]	3.6 [3.0-4.3]*
Alcohol related harms¹
Any alcohol harm to self in lifetime²	22.4 [21.2-23.7]	17.6 [16.4-18.9]*	30.6 [27.2-34.2]	24.8 [20.8-29.2]	21.2 [19.9-22.6]	16.2 [15.1-17.5]*
Any alcohol harm to self in past year³	7.1 [6.3-7.9]	6.8 [6.0-7.8]	18.3 [15.6-21.4]	17.9 [14.6-21.9]	5.0 [4.3-5.9]	4.7 [4.0-5.5]
Any alcohol harm to self in past year⁴	8.8 [7.9-9.8]	8.7 [7.7-9.9]	21.8 [18.5-25.4]	23.0 [18.8-27.8]	6.3 [5.4-7.3]	5.9 [5.1-7.0]

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Table 5: Main CADUMS indicators by sex and by age -Drugs
		Overall	Males	Females	*¹	15-24	25+	*²
N - Sample size S - Estimate suppressed due to high sampling variability Q - Estimate qualified due to high sampling variability; interpret with caution ¹ Significant differences between males and females p<.05 ² Significant differences between youth age 15-24 and adults age 25+, p<..05 ³ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ⁴ Among current user any 5 drugs (cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, heroin) ⁵ Among current users any drug(cannabis, cocaine, meth/crystal meth, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, pain killers to get high, stimulants to get high, sedatives to get high) ^a Cannabis, cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^b Cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^c Cannabis, cocaine/crack, meth/crystal meth, ecstasy, hallucinogens, inhalants, heroin, pain relievers, stimulants, or sedatives to get high
N=	N	16,640	6,583	10,057		1,443	15,197
Cannabis use
Cannabis - lifetime	6,913	43.9 [42.4-45.4]	49.3 [46.9-51.7]	38.8 [36.8-40.8]	*	52.9 [48.1-57.6]	42.1 [40.6-43.7]	*
Cannabis - past year	1,485	11.4 [10.4-12.5]	14.4 [12.8-16.2]	8.6 [7.3-10.0]	*	32.7 [28.3-37.4]	7.3 [6.5-8.1]	*
Age of initiation (Years)		18.4 [18.2-18.7]	18.5 [18.1-18.8]	18.4 [18.0-18.7]		15.5 [15.2-15.8]	19.2 [18.9-19.4]	*
Past Year Illicit drug use
Cocaine/ Crack	185	1.6 [1.2-2.1]	2.3 [1.7-3.3]	0.9 [0.6-1.6]	*	5.9 [3.9-8.9]	0.8 [0.6-1.1]	*
Speed	62	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	1.3 [0.8-2.1]	0.8 [0.5-1.4]		3.7 [2.3-5.8]	0.6 [0.3-0.9]	*
Methamphetamine/ Crystal meth	15	0.2 [0.1-0.4]	S	S		S	S
Hallucinogens	214	2.1 [1.7-2.8]	3.3 [2.4-4.4]	1.1 [0.7-1.7]	*	10.2 [7.6-13.6]	0.6 [0.4-0.9]	*
Ecstasy	149	1.4 [1.0-1.9]	1.7 [1.2-2.5]	1.1 [0.7-1.7]		6.5 [4.5-9.2]	0.4 [0.3-0.6]	*
Any 6 drugs (incl. cannabis)^a	1,561	12.1 [11.1-13.2]	15.3 [13.6-17.1]	9.1 [7.8-10.5]	*	34.0 [29.6-38.7]	7.9 [7.1-8.7]	*
Any 5 drugs (excl. cannabis)^b	395	3.9 [3.3-4.7]	5.5 [4.4-6.9]	2.4 [1.8-3.2]	*	15.4 [12.2-19.3]	1.7 [1.3-2.1]	*
Any drug^c	1,585	12.3 [11.2-13.5]	15.5 [13.9-17.4]	9.3 [8.0-10.7]	*	34.2 [24.7-38.9]	8.1 [7.2-8.9]	*
Pharmaceutical Use Past Year
Pain Relievers - past year	3,830	21.6 [20.4-22.9]	18.9 [17.2-20.8]	24.2 [22.6-25.9]	*	17.7 [14.5-21.5]	22.4 [21.1-23.7]
Pain Relievers to get high	49	0.3 [0.2-0.6]	0.3Q [0.2-0.5]	0.4Q [0.2-0.9]		0.9Q [0.3-2.1]	0.2 [0.1-0.4]
Pain Relievers to get high - among users		1.5 [0.9-2.6]	1.5 [0.9-2.5]	1.5 [0.6-3.5]		4.9 [2.0-11.5]	1.0 [0.5-1.9]	*
Stimulants - past year	173	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	1.0 [0.7-1.5]	1.2 [0.7-1.9]		3.1 [1.8-5.3]	0.7 [0.5-1.0]	*
Stimulants to get high	22	0.3 [0.1-0.6]	0.2Q [0.1-0.6]	0.3Q [0.1-1.0]		1.2Q [0.4-3.3]	0.1 [0.0-0.3]	*
Stimulants to get high - among users		25.5 [12.3-45.5]	22.5Q [8.5-47.6]	27.8Q [9.4-58.9]		38.3Q [15.1-68.4]	14.7Q [4.4-39.2]
Sedatives - past year	1,992	10.7 [9.8-11.6]	8.0 [6.9-9.3]	13.2 [12.0-14.5]	*	5.5 [3.7-7.9]	11.7 [10.8-12.7]	*
Sedative to get high	18	0.2 [0.0-0.5]	0.1Q [0.0-0.2]	0.2Q [0.0-1.0]		0.8Q [0.2-2.9]	S
Sedatives to get high - among users		1.4Q [0.5-4.3]	S	1.6Q [0.4-7.1]		14.4Q [4.0-40.3]	S
Any pharmaceutical - past year	5,008	28.4 [27.0-29.7]	24.4 [22.5-26.4]	32.1 [30.3-33.9]	*	22.3 [18.7-26.4]	29.5 [28.1-31.0]	*
Any pharmaceutical to get high	71	0.6 [0.3-0.9]	0.5Q [0.3-0.9]	0.6 [0.3-1.3]		2.1Q [1.1-4.2]	0.3 [0.1-0.5]	*
Any pharmaceutical to get high - among users		2.0 [1.2-3.2]	2.1 [1.2-3.5]	1.9 [0.9-4.0]		9.4 [4.8-17.7]	0.9 [0.5-1.6]	*
Drug related harms in past year³
Any drug harm to self- of total population	299	2.7 [2.1-3.3]	3.5 [2.6-4.7]	1.8 [1.3-2.7]		10.8 [8.0-14.5]	1.1 [0.8-1.4]	*
Any drug harm to self among users any 5 drugs⁴		37.5 [28.9-47.0]	36.1 [25.6-48.0]	40.7 [26.6-56.5]		42.0 [30.2-54.9]	29.5 [19.6-41.7]
Any drug harm to self among users any drug⁵		21.7 [17.6-26.3]	22.8 [17.7-29.0]	19.8 [13.9-27.5]		31.5 [24.0-40.1]	13.5 [10.2-17.7]	*

Table 6: Main CADUMS indicators by province -Drugs
		Canada	NL	PE	NS	NB	QC	ON	MB	SK	AB	BC
N - Sample size S - Estimate suppressed due to high sampling variability Q - Estimate qualified due to high sampling variability; interpret with caution * Significant difference between provincial and national estimate ^a Cannabis, cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^b Cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^c Cannabis, cocaine/crack, meth/crystal meth, ecstasy, hallucinogens, inhalants, heroin, pain relievers, stimulants, or sedatives to get high ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Asked of all users of any illicit drug (cannabis, cocaine, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, meth, inhalants, heroin, or pharmaceuticals to get high) ; presented among total population
	N=	16,640	1,005	1,006	1,007	1,006	1,005	1,008	1,004	1,008	4,596	3,995
Cannabis use
Cannabis - lifetime	6,913	43.9	39.2	39.1	45.8	43.2	44.9	41.3	42.7	41.0	45.5	49.6*
Cannabis - past year	1,485	11.4	9.8	11.1	13.4	10.8	11.4	10.6	11.6	11.2	12.0	13.1
Past year Illicit drug use
Hallucinogens	214	2.1	1.9Q	1.8Q	1.6Q	1.7Q	2.2Q	2.1Q	2.1Q	2.6Q	2.4	2.0
Cocaine/Crack	185	1.6	1.4Q	1.3Q	1.6Q	S	2.2Q	1.2Q	1.6Q	2.4Q	1.6	1.7
Ecstasy	149	1.4	1.7Q	1.2Q	1.7Q	1.1Q	1.8Q	1.0Q	1.4Q	1.4Q	1.5	1.6
Speed	62	1.1	S	S	S	S	3.7*	S	S	S	0.3Q	0.4Q
Methamphetamine/ Crystal meth	15	0.2	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Any drug (incl. cannabis)^a	1,561	12.1	10.3	11.4	13.5	11.1	12.8	11.0	11.8	11.4	12.8	13.9
Any drug (excl. cannabis)^b	395	3.9	2.9Q	2.6Q	3.0Q	2.6Q	5.7	3.1Q	3.4Q	4.1	3.9	3.7
Any drug^c	1,585	12.3	10.4	11.6	13.9	11.5	13.2	11.0	12.2	11.5	13.0	14.2
Drug-related harms to self past year¹
Any drug harm- of total population²	299	2.7	2.6Q	2.0Q	2.2Q	2.4Q	2.2Q	2.8Q	2.6Q	3.1Q	2.9	3.0

Table 7: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by sex - Drugs
	CAS Overall	CADUMS Overall	CAS Males	CADUMS Males	CAS Females	CADUMS Females
N - Sample size S - Estimate is suppressed due to high sampling variability * Significant difference between estimate for CADUMS and corresponding estimate from CAS ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Among past year users any 5 drugs (cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, heroin) ³ Among past year users CAS(cannabis, cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, steroids), CADUMS (cannabis, cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, meth, pain killers to get high, stimulants to get high, sedatives to get high) ^a Cannabis, cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^b Cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin
N=	13,909	16,640	5,721	6,583	8,188	10,057
Illicit drug use
Cannabis - lifetime	44.5 [43.0-46.0]	43.9 [42.4-45.4]	50.1 [47.8-52.5]	49.3 [46.9-51.7]	39.2 [37.3-41.1]	38.8 [36.8-40.8]
Cannabis - past year	14.1 [13.1-15.1]	11.4 [10.4-12.5]*	18.2 [16.6-20.0]	14.4 [12.8-16.2]*	10.2 [9.1-11.5]	8.6 [7.3-10.0]
Cannabis - Age of initiation (Years)	18.8 [18.5-19.1]	18.4 [18.2-18.7]	18.8 [18.3-19.3]	18.5 [18.1-18.8]	18.7 [18.3-19.1]	18.4 [18.0-18.7]
Cocaine/ Crack - past year	1.9 [1.5-2.3]	1.6 [1.2-2.1]	2.7 [2.1-3.5]	2.3 [1.7-3.3]	1.1 [0.8-1.6]	0.9 [0.6-1.6]
Speed - past year	0.8 [0.6-1.1]	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	1.0 [0.7-1.6]	1.3 [0.8-2.1]	0.7 [0.4-1.1]	0.8 [0.5-1.4]
Hallucinogens - past year	0.7 [0.5-0.9]	2.1 [1.7-2.8]*	1.0 [0.7-1.5]	3.3 [2.4-4.4]*	S	1.1 [0.7-1.7]
Ecstasy - past year	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	1.4 [1.0-1.9]	1.5 [1.1-2.2]	1.7 [1.2-2.5]	0.7 [0.4-1.1]	1.1 [0.7-1.7]
Any drug (incl. cannabis)^a - past year	14.5 [13.5-15.6]	12.1 [11.1-13.2]*	18.7 [17.0-20.4]	15.3 [13.6-17.1]	10.6 [9.4-11.8]	9.1 [7.8-10.5]
Any drug (excl. cannabis)^b - past year	3.0 [2.6-3.6]	3.9 [3.3-4.7]	4.3 [3.5-5.3]	5.5 [4.4-6.9]	1.8 [1.4-2.4]	2.4 [1.8-3.2]
Past year drug related harms¹
Any drug harm to self - total population	2.8 [2.4-3.3]	2.7 [2.1-3.3]	3.8 [3.1-4.7]	3.5 [2.7-4.7]	1.9 [1.5-2.5]	1.8 [1.3-2.7]
Any drug harm to self - among users any 5 drugs²	36.7 [29.1-45.1]	37.5 [28.9-47.0]	37.2 [27.8-47.7]	36.1 [25.6-48.0]	35.7 [23.8-49.8]	40.7 [26.6-56.5]
Any drug harm to self - among users any drug³	17.5 [14.8-20.5]	21.7 [17.6-26.3]	18.4 [15.0-22.3]	22.8 [17.7-29.0]	16.0 [12.1-20.8]	19.8 [13.9-27.5]

Table 8: Changes between CAS 2004 and CADUMS 2008 overall and by age - Drugs
	CAS Overall	CADUMS Overall	CAS 15-24	CADUMS 15-24	CAS 25+	CADUMS 25+
N - Sample size * Significant difference between estimate for CADUMS and corresponding estimate from CAS ¹ At least one of 8 harms to: physical health; friendships and social life; financial position; home life or marriage; work, studies, or employment opportunities; legal problems; difficulty learning; housing problems. ² Among past year users any 5 drugs (cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, heroin) ³ Among past year users CAS (cannabis, cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, steroids), CADUMS (cannabis, cocaine, speed, hallucinogens, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, meth, pain killers to get high, stimulants to get high, sedatives to get high) ^a Cannabis, cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin ^b Cocaine/crack, speed, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin Back to main page
N=	13,909	16,640	2,085	1,443	11,519	15,197
Illicit drug use
Cannabis - lifetime	44.5 [43.0-46.0]	43.9 [42.4-45.4]	61.4 [57.7-65.0]	52.9 [48.1-57.6]*	41.8 [40.1-43.4]	42.1 [40.6-43.7]
Cannabis - past year	14.1 [13.1-15.1]	11.4 [10.4-12.5]*	37.0 [33.4-40.6]	32.7 [28.3-37.4]	10.0 [9.0-11.0]	7.3 [6.5-8.1]*
Age of initiation (Years)	18.8 [18.5-19.1]	18.4 [18.2-18.7]	15.6 [15.3-15.8]	15.5 [15.2-15.8]	19.7 [19.3-20.1]	19.2 [18.9-19.4]
Cocaine/ Crack - past year	1.9 [1.5-2.3]	1.6 [1.2-2.1]	5.5 [4.0-7.4]	5.9 [3.9-8.9]	1.2 [0.9-1.6]	0.8 [0.6-1.1]
Speed - past year	0.8 [0.6-1.1]	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	3.9 [2.7-5.6]	3.7 [2.3-5.8]	0.2 [0.1-0.5]	0.6 [0.3-0.9]
Hallucinogens - past year	0.7 [0.5-0.9]	2.1 [1.7-2.8]*	3.5 [2.5-5.0]	10.2 [7.6-13.6]*	0.1 [0.1-0.2]	0.6 [0.4-0.9]*
Ecstasy - past year	1.1 [0.8-1.5]	1.4 [1.0-1.9]	4.4 [3.1-6.2]	6.5 [4.5-9.2]	0.5 [0.3-0.8]	0.4 [0.3-0.6]
Any drug (incl. cannabis)a - past year	14.5 [13.5-15.6]	12.1 [11.1-13.2]*	37.9 [34.4-41.6]	34.0 [29.6-38.7]	10.3 [9.3-11.3]	7.9 [7.1-8.7]*
Any drug (excl. cannabis)b - past year	3.0 [2.6-3.6]	3.9 [3.3-4.7]	11.3 [9.1-13.8]	15.4 [12.2-19.3]	1.5 [1.1-1.9]	1.7 [1.3-2.1]
Past year drug related harms¹
Any drug harm to self - among total population	2.8 [2.4-3.3]	2.7 [2.1-3.3]	9.5 [7.7-11.7]	10.8 [8.0-14.5]	1.6 [1.2-2.0]	1.1 [0.8-1.4]
Any drug harm to self - among users any 5 drugs²	36.7 [29.1-45.1]	37.5 [28.9-47.0]	42.1 [31.6-53.3]	42.0 [30.2-54.9]	28.7 [18.7-41.5]	29.5 [19.6-41.7]
Any drug harm to self - among users any drugs³	17.5 [14.8-20.5]	21.7 [17.6-26.3]	24.0 [19.4-29.1]	31.5 [24.0-40.1]	12.7 [9.8-16.4]	13.5 [10.2-17.7]

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