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Focus on Gender - A National Survey of Canadians' Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs - Canadian Addiction Survey (CAS)

Chapter 3 - Alcohol Use (continued)

Table 3.9 Drinking Patterns among past-year drinkers, Canadian females, aged 15+, 2004.
	N	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR
		Light Infrequent			Light Frequent			Heavy Infrequent			Heavy Frequent
Total	6087	62.0	59.8-64.2		29.2	27.2-31.3		5.1	4.3-6.0		3.7	2.9-4.6
Age (previous age group)		NS		NS	**		**	**		**	**		**
15-19	370	64.9	56.0-72.9	-----	8.1	4.4-14.4	-----	16.7	11.0-24.4	-----	10.3	5.8-17.6	-----
20-24	482	56.6	48.8-64.2	0.812	21.7	15.7-29.2	2.423*	8.9	6.3-12.5	0.627	12.7	8.2-19.2	1.535
25-34	1097	66.5	61.5-71.2	1.709*	21.6	17.7-26.2	0.756	8.1	5.8-11.3	1.312	3.7	2.5-5.5	0.337**
35-44	1297	60.2	55.5-64.7	0.762	31.5	27.3-36.1	1.666**	5.0	3.4-7.2	0.584	3.3	2.0-5.4	0.903
45+	2710	61.9	58.4-65.3	0.997	35.8	32.4-39.3	1.355*	1.2	0.7-2.0	0.229**	1.1	0.6-2.0	0.309**
Region (Canada)		NS		**	**		**	**		**	NS		NS
Atlantic	1694	65.4	62.6-68.2	1.134*	19.9	17.6-22.4	0.664**	10.1	8.5-12.0	1.886**	4.6	3.5-5.9	1.151
Quebec	474	59.4	54.8-63.8	0.844*	35.6	31.3-40.1	1.677**	s	s	s	s	s	s
Ontario	444	62.9	58.0-67.5	1.062	28.3	24.1-32.9	0.961	s	s	s	s	s	s
Prairies	2130	65.4	63.1-67.6	1.131*	22.8	20.9-24.8	0.783**	7.3	6.1-8.6	1.364**	4.5	3.7-5.6	1.123
British Columbia	1345	58.6	55.8-61.3	0.870*	32.1	29.6-34.8	1.193**	5.8	4.7-7.2	1.155	3.5	2.6-4.7	0.969
Marital Status		NS		NS	**		NS	**		NS	**		NS
Married/ partnered (C)	3443	61.7	58.7-64.6	-----	32.2	29.3-35.1	-----	3.9	2.9-5.1	-----	2.3	1.6-3.3	-----
Divorced/ separated/ widowed	1141	62.0	56.6-67.1	0.858	34.1	29.1-39.5	1.186	2.0	1.3-3.2	0.716	1.9	1.0-3.5	1.535
Single/never married	1458	62.5	58.2-66.6	0.967	19.5	16.3-23.1	0.799	10.0	7.8-12.7	1.435	8.0	5.8-10.9	1.912
Education		*		NS	**		**	**		**	NS		NS
Less than secondary (C)	1403	67.8	61.5-73.5	-----	19.0	14.1-25.0	-----	8.8	6.0-12.5	-----	4.5	2.6-7.7	-----
Secondary	2273	64.3	59.9-68.4	0.888	25.1	21.4-29.1	1.391	6.4	4.7-8.7	0.630	4.3	2.7-6.7	0.944
Some post-secondary	2648	62.3	58.6-66.0	0.801	28.9	25.5-32.6	1.806**	4.7	3.5-6.3	0.413**	4.0	2.8-5.8	0.866
University degree	1806	56.1	51.6-60.5	0.664*	39.2	34.9-43.7	2.523**	2.3	1.4-3.8	0.207**	2.3	1.4-4.0	0.598
Income Adequacy		**		**	**		**	**		**	NS		NS
Lowest (C)	1076	63.9	57.3-70.0	-----	22.3	17.1-28.6	-----	9.3	6.2-13.8	-----	4.5	2.6-7.6	------
Middle	3146	64.5	61.0-67.9	0.966	26.4	23.3-29.7	1.181	5.4	4.2-7.0	0.636	3.7	2.5-5.3	1.138
Highest	1585	52.9	48.2-57.6	0.622*	38.6	34.1-43.3	1.831*	4.5	2.9-6.9	0.704	3.9	2.5-6.1	1.557
Not stated	2381	65.7	61.2-69.9	1.041	27.8	23.9-32.1	1.329	3.3	2.3-4.9	0.290**	3.2	1.9-5.3	0.947
Location of Household		NS		NS	**		NS	NS		NS	NS		NS
Rural (C)	1811	64.9	59.7-69.7	-----	23.0	18.9-27.7	-----	6.8	4.7-9.9	-----	5.3	3.3-8.4	-----
Non-rural	6377	61.5	59.0-63.9	1.000	30.3	28.0-32.6	1.236	4.8	3.9-5.8	0.706	3.4	2.6-4.4	0.542

Note: OR - Adjusted Odds Ratio; Adjusted for all variables in the table
CI - Confidence Interval (95%)
(C) - denotes comparison group, unless otherwise specified by parentheses
s - estimate suppressed due to unacceptably high sampling variability (or cell size less than 30)
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; NS - not statistically significant

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Table 3.10 Drinking Patterns among past-year drinkers, Canadian males, aged 15+, 2004.
	N	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR
		Light Infrequent			Light Frequent			Heavy Infrequent			Heavy Frequent
Total	4609	36.0	33.5-38.5		40.9	38.3-43.5		9.0	7.8-10.5		14.2	12.5-16.0
Age (previous age group)		*		*	**		**	**		**	**		*
15-19	396	41.2	32.8-50.1	-----	13.1	7.8-21.0	-----	24.5	18.0-32.3	-----	21.3	14.7-29.7	-----
20-24	461	29.4	22.6-37.1	0.544*	30.1	22.8-38.7	2.278*	16.3	11.5-22.6	1.024	24.2	18.4-31.2	1.477
25-34	881	31.1	26.4-36.3	1.108	37.3	31.9-42.9	1.155	15.3	11.7-19.6	1.150	16.4	13.0-20.4	0.721
35-44	921	41.5	35.7-47.5	1.591**	39.5	33.8-45.5	1.126	5.4	3.3-8.9	0.311**	13.7	10.2-181	0.749
45+	1887	35.0	31.3-39.0	0.738*	50.9	46.8-55.0	1.724**	3.8	2.7-5.3	0.633	10.2	7.9-13.2	0.696
Province (Canada)		NS		*	**		**	**		**	NS		**
Newfoundland and Labrador	303	31.5	26.3-37.2	0.769*	24.9	20.1-30.4	0.642**	19.3	15.2-24.2	1.766**	24.3	19.8-29.5	1.792**
Prince Edward Island	278	38.6	32.9-44.5	1.060	24.8	20.1-30.2	0.695**	16.2	12.2-21.2	1.228	20.4	16.0-21.5	1.289
Nova Scotia	330	44.5	38.8-50.4	1.307*	24.4	19.6-29.8	0.634**	14.1	10.5-18.7	1.267	17.0	13.3-21.5	1.103
New Brunswick	322	36.5	31.2-42.2	0.863	28.6	23.6-34.1	0.909	16.1	12.3-20.7	1.494*	18.9	14.8-23.7	1.143
Quebec	347	35.4	30.3-40.7	0.885	46.8	41.4-52.2	1.936**	s	s	s	11.0	8.0-15.0	0.619**
Ontario	337	33.5	28.4-39.0	0.827	43.9	38.4-49.6	1.612**	7.8	5.3-11.4	0.660	14.7	11.3-19.0	0.907
Manitoba	501	39.9	35.5-44.4	1.027	31.3	27.2-35.3	1.006	12.6	10.0-15.8	1.024	16.2	13.2-19.8	0.983
Saskatchewan	358	43.4	38.1-48.8	1.334*	30.3	25.6-35.5	0.916	12.6	9.6-16.4	1.861	13.7	10.5-17.7	0.805
Alberta	818	38.8	35.4-42.3	1.093	35.4	32.0-38.9	1.115	11.3	9.3-13.6	0.924	14.6	12.3-17.2	0.818
British Columbia	1015	37.6	34.6-40.7	0.992	38.1	35.1-41.3	1.213*	9.4	7.7-11.9	0.812	14.9	12.8-17.2	0.946
Marital Status		NS		NS	**		NS	**		NS	**		*
Married/ partnered (C)	2699	36.5	33.3-39.8	-----	46.4	43.0-49.8	-----	6.1	4.8-7.8	-----	11.0	9.1-13.3	-----
Divorced/ separated/ widowed	437	36.8	29.2-45.1	0.884	39.8	32.1-48.1	0.743	5.6	3.2-9.6	1.287	17.7	12.1-25.3	2.007**
Single/ never married	1454	34.4	30.2-38.8	0.824	30.9	26.6-35.5	0.882	15.9	13.0-19.3	1.494	18.8	15.8-22.3	1.353
Education		NS		NS	**		**	**		**	**		**
Less than secondary (C)	692	35.1	29.1-41.5	-----	34.8	28.3-41.8	-----	13.6	10.0-18.3	-----	16.5	12.0-22.3	-----
Secondary	1347	39.2	34.5-44.1	1.341	30.6	26.3-35.3	0.799	13.2	10.4-16.6	0.865	17.0	13.8-20.7	0.874
Some post-secondary	1390	36.0	31.6-40.6	1.239	40.3	35.7-45.0	1.148	6.9	5.1-9.2	0.439**	16.9	13.7-20.6	0.834
University degree	1152	32.8	28.2-37.7	1.138	54.7	49.6-59.7	1.837**	5.4	3.5-8.2	0.386**	7.2	5.0-0.2	0.336**
Income Adequacy		**		**	**		**	NS		NS	NS		NS
Lowest (C)	313	39.2	29.9-49.2	-----	35.0	25.4-45.9	-----	12.5	8.3-18.5	-----	13.4	8.4-20.5	-----
Middle	1865	39.7	35.8-43.8	0.958	35.9	32.0-40.0	0.844	9.0	7.0-11.4	0.944	15.0	12.7-18.6	1.534
Highest	1422	28.4	24.4-32.6	0.525**	50.3	45.7-55.0	1.377	7.2	5.3-9.7	0.935	14.1	11.2-17.6	1.730
Not stated	1009	39.8	34.5-45.4	0.845	37.1	31.8-42.8	1.046	11.0	8.1-14.7	1.086	12.1	9.2-15.8	1.145
Location of Household		NS		NS	NS		NS	NS		NS	NS		NS
Rural (C)	934	32.6	27.5-38.1	-----	43.4	37.5-49.5	-----	10.7	7.9-14.4	-----	13.2	9.7-17.7	-----
Non-rural	3675	36.6	33.9-39.4	1.240	40.3	37.5-43.2	0.853	8.7	7.3-10.3	0.727	14.3	12.5-16.4	1.120

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Table 3.11 Percentage exceeding low-risk drinking guidelines among past-year drinkers, by sex, Canada, aged 15+, 2004.
	%	CI	%	CI	OR	%	CI	OR
	Total Population		Women			Men
	22.6	21.2-24.1	15.1	13.5-16.8		30.2	32.6-37.8
Age (previous age group)	**		**		**	**		*
15-17	24.6	18.0-32.7	16.4	9.6-26.7	---	33.9	23.5-46.1	---
18-19	32.3	24.6-41.1	31.2	20.8-44.0	2.597*	33.3	22.8-45.8	1.010
20-24	38.0	32.6-43.7	30.4	23.7-38.0	1.081	45.0	37.1-53.2	1.605
25-34	24.9	21.8-28.2	15.6	12.4-19.5	0.490**	33.6	28.7-38.8	0.708
35-44	22.3	19.3-25.7	15.2	12.1-18.9	1.046	29.3	24.3-34.9	0.868
45-54	22.4	18.9-26.3	13.3	10.1-17.3	0.884	31.4	25.7-37.8	1.129
55-64	18.4	14.9-22.6	10.5	7.2-15.1	0.770	25.5	19.8-32.3	0.781
65+	11.9	8.6-16.3	7.7	4.3-13.4	0.695	16.9	11.4-24.5	0.586
Province (Canada)	NS		NS		NS	NS		NS
Newfoundland and Labrador	27.3	24.0-30.9	16.1	12.8-20.0	1.068	38.2	32.8-44.0	1.451**
Prince Edward Island	21.7	18.6-25.2	13.0	9.8-17.0	1.069	31.1	25.8-36.8	1.069
Nova Scotia	23.3	20.2-26.8	16.7	13.1-21.1	1.103	29.9	25.0-35.4	1.010
New Brunswick	23.7	20.6-26.8	14.8	11.5-18.8	1.037	32.9	27.8-38.4	1.040
Quebec	22.7	19.8-25.9	15.4	12.4-19.0	1.063	30.3	25.5-35.5	0.950
Ontario	22.6	19.6-25.9	14.7	11.5-18.6	1.021	30.4	25.5-35.8	0.947
Manitoba	21.4	19.0-24.0	13.3	10.8-16.4	0.904	29.6	25.6-33.9	1.004
Saskatchewan	21.5	18.6-24.6	13.8	10.7-17.5	0.890	28.9	24.4-34.0	0.917
Alberta	22.5	20.6-24.6	15.7	13.6-18.1	1.046	29.0	25.9-32.3	0.810*
British Columbia	22.4	20.6-24.2	15.3	13.4-17.4	1.021	29.4	26.5-32.3	0.916
Marital Status	**		**		**	**		*
Married/ partnered (C)	19.3	17.5-21.2	11.5	9.7-13.6	--	26.3	23.4-29.5	---
Divorced/ separated/ widowed	18.0	14.7-21.9	12.1	8.9-16.4	1.609*	28.4	21.7-36.2	1.258
Single/ never married	31.9	29.0-35.0	24.4	20.8-28.4	2.079**	38.4	34.0-42.9	1.573**
Education	NS		NS		NS	NS		NS
Less than secondary (C)	20.7	17.1-24.8	13.6	9.6-18.7	---	28.4	22.6-34.9	---
Secondary	21.2	18.7-24.0	13.6	10.9-16.9	0.823	28.8	24.7-33.3	0.798
Some post-secondary	25.8	23.2-28.6	16.9	14.1-20.0	1.040	34.8	30.4-39.4	1.009
University degree	21.2	18.5-24.2	15.1	12.2-18.6	0.911	27.1	22.7-31.9	0.731
Income Adequacy	NS		NS		NS	**		**
Lowest (C)	20.5	16.4-25.4	14.6	10.7-19.7	---	30.7	22.3-40.6	---
Middle	22.3	20.1-24.7	14.0	11.7-16.7	1.249	30.6	26.9-34.5	1.217
Highest	27.4	24.4-30.5	17.6	14.2-21.5	1.814*	34.4	30.1-38.9	1.599
Not stated	18.4	15.8-21.3	14.6	11.6-18.1	1.417	23.0	18.8-27.9	0.827
Location of Household	NS		NS		NS	NS		NS
Rural (C)	20.5	17.4-23.9	13.1	10.3-16.6	---	26.8	21.9-32.4	---
Non-rural	23.0	21.4-24.7	15.4	13.6-17.3	1.264	30.9	28.2-33.6	1.264

Note: OR - Adjusted Odds Ratio; Adjusted for all variables in the table
CI - Confidence Interval (95%)
(C) - denotes comparison group, unless otherwise specified by parentheses
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; NS - not statistically significant
Prevalence estimates in bold show where differences among women and men were significant by the conservative method of non-overlapping confidence intervals. The bolded estimates reflect the higher rate.

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