^[1] 2004 FMM 10-Year Plan to Strengthen Health Careis available on the Health Canada website found at:
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/delivery-prestation/fptcollab/2004-fmm-rpm/index_e.html

^[2] 2003 First Ministers' Accord on Health Care Renewal is available on the Health Canada website found at:
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/delivery-prestation/fptcollab/2003accord/index_e.html

^[3] 2004 FMM 10-Year Plan to Strengthen Health Care is available on the Health Canada website found at:
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/delivery-prestation/fptcollab/2004-fmm-rpm/index_e.html

^[4] Eye on Health, Summer 2005,p.6.

^[5] Health Council of Canada, A Background Note on Benchmarks for Wait Times, November 2005. (Ottawa: Health Council of Canada, 2005), p. 1.

^[6] Health Council of Canada, Ten Steps to a Common Framework for Reporting on Wait Times, June 24, 2005

^[7] Taylor, Malcolm, Health Insurance and Canadian Public Policy: The Seven Decisions That Created The Canadian Health Insurance System and Their Outcomes, 2^nd Ed., 1987.

^[8] FPT Announcement, December 12, 2005

^[9] The definition used for the purpose of this report is based on the terminology agreed to by Provinces and Territories and announced publicly on December 12, 2005.

^[10] The September 2000 First Ministers' Communiqué on Health

^[11] The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) is the Government of Canada's lead agency for health research with a mandate to excel, according to internationally accepted standards of scientific excellence, in the creation of new knowledge and its translation into improved health for Canadians, more effective health services and products and a strengthened Canadian health care system. (CIHR website: http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/22948.html)

^[12] You will note that this report refers to managerial, industrial and business practices and/or innovations. For the purposes of these discussions managerial practices refer to issues of governance, supervision, planning, accountability, comptrollership - those functions that are normally associated with managerial responsibility; industrial refers to the creation of efficiency through techniques and mechanisms that expand on collective human labour and make for the best use of time, capital and human resources; business practices in the context of health care refers to administrative processes including communication, data collection and sharing, paper flow and record keeping.

^[13] Refer also to Chapter 6: Additional Issues: 6.2 Surge Capacity p. 52-58

^[14] M. Carter, Evidence for Improvement vs. Evidence for Judgment: Choosing the Appropriate Tools for the Task. Sixth International Conference on the Scientific Basis of Health Services. (Montreal. September 20, 2005).

^[15] C.J. Wright, G. Wright, K. Chambers, et al., "Evaluation of indications for and outcomes of elective surgery", Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2002;167:461-466.

^[16] Stiell IG, Greenberg GH, McKnight RD et al. "Decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle injuries: refinement and prospective evaluation", Journal of the American Medical Association. 1993; 269:1127-1132.

^[17] J. Heyworth, Ottawa ankle rules for the injured ankle. 2003;326:405-406.

^[18] J.C. Brehaut, I.G. Stiell, L. Visentin, et al. "Clinical decision rules in the "real world": how a widely disseminated rule is used in everyday practice". Academic Emergency Medicine. 2005;12:948-957.

^[19] I.G. Stiell, G.A. Wells, K.L. Vandemheen, et al. "The Canadian CT head rule for radiography in alert and stabile trauma patients," Journal of the American Medical Association. 2001;286:1841-1848.

^[20] I.G. Stiell, C.M. Clement, B.H. Rowe, et al. "Comparison of the Canadian CT head rule and the New Orleans criteria in patients with minor head injury" Journal of the American Medical Association. 2005;294:1511-1518.

^[21] Pre-hab is rehabilitation prior to the procedure the goal of which is to hasten recovery.

^[22] Alberta hip and knee replacement project: Interim results. Alberta Bone and Joint Institute. December 2005. Found at:
http://www.albertaboneandjoint.com/PDFs/Int_Rep_Dec_19_05.pdf.

^[23] For more details see:
http://www.institute.nhs.uk/nhsinstitute.

^[24] G. Bevan, C. Hood, "Have targets improved performance in the English NHS?" British Medical Journal. 2006;332:419-422.

^[25] For more details see:
http://www.hqc.sk.ca/portal.jsp?mpqBiB5PkT0FgPM/yFSHnTBIzBf0QfLQkUwK4QBZaJtdpqKPgr7c14zOVcA+lmY4.

^[26] L.R. Ayers, S.C. Beyea, M.M. Godfrey, et al. "Quality improvement learning collaboratives." Quality Management in Health Care. 2005;14:234-247.

^[27] For further information on queuing theory see University of Windsor's Dr. Myron Hlynka's Queuing Theory at: http://www2.uwindsor.ca/~hlynka/queue.html.

^[28] Dr. Ben Chan, Appropriateness of Care: The Story of Diagnostic Imaging, March 31, 2006.

^[29] These terms are often used interchangeably along with others such as case coordinator, cancer support nurse, follow up nurse and cancer coordinator.

^[30] The wait time period used for the purpose of this document is based on the definition approved by Federal/ Provincial /Territorial Health Ministers and presented to the public on December 12, 2005 in the announcement on the benchmarks.

^[31] Jamieson, Wanda. Patient Navigation within the Health Care Sector. JHG Consulting. 2006; 25

^[32] Report I: Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (CHSRF), Shorter Wait and Improved Flows Training Program (SWIFT).

^[33] Department of Health, Putting People at the Heart of Public Services: The NHS Improvement Plan, (Government of England: London, 2004), p.68

^[34] Task Force Two, A Physician Human Resource Strategy for Canada, p. 1.

^[35] Med-Emerg Inc., Discussion Paper on Infrastructure and Technology for "A Physician Human Resource Strategy in Canada: Task Force Two", September 21, 2005.

^[36] Ibid.

^[37] Canada Health Infoway

^[38] Health Canada, "Health Care System: Canada's Health Infostructure" found at http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/ehealth-esante/infostructure/index_e.html on March 27, 2006.

^[39] Canada Health Infoway, Addressing Wait Times with Information Technology, p. 14-15.

^[40] Task Force Two (started in 2003) is a joint effort between governments and professionals organizations dedicated to developing a Pan-Canadian strategy for Health Human Resources. This is a follow up to Task Force One (initiated in 1998 by the Canadian Medical Forum), which examined the issue of physician shortage in Canada.

^[41] CMA Report

^[42] Task Force Two, p. 11.

^[43] The Journal of Medical Internet Research has defined E-health as "an emerging field in the intersection of medical informatics, public health and business, referring to health services and information delivered or enhanced through the Internet and related technologies. In a broader sense, the term characterizes not only a technical development, but also a state-of-mind, a way of thinking, an attitude, and a commitment for networked, global thinking, to improve health care locally, regionally, and worldwide by using information and communication technology."

^[44] Definition of tele-health obtained from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telehealth

^[45] Dr. Mark Dermer, Dr. Bob Burns and Catarina Versaevel, End User Acceptance Strategy. February 1, 2006 presentation to the Canadian Medical Association, Ottawa, Ontario.

^[46] TkMC, 2005

^[47] Global Tiger Systems Solutions Inc., Surgical Waiting List Registries and Waiting List Initiatives in Canada. Prepared for Acute Care and Technology Unit, Quality Care, Technology and Pharmaceuticals Division, Health Care Policy and Communications Branch, Health Canada, November 18, 2005, p. 3.

^[48] Department of Health, Putting People at the Heart of Public Services: The NHS Improvement Plan, (Government of England: London, 2004), p. 68.

^[49] National Health Council, Background on Wait Times (2005). Appendix D: Provincial Wait Time Websites

^[50] Refer to Appendix D: Provincial Wait Time Websites

^[51] Canada Health Infoway, Canada Health Infoway Inc. Corporate Business Plan 2005-2006, Building on Our Successes. Toronto: Canada Health Infoway Inc., 2005.

^[52] See Report 3: National Child and Youth Health Coalition: National Paediatric Surgical Wait Times Strategy: Access Targets

^[53] Dr. David Naylor, Chair, Learning from SARS: Renewal of Public Health. A Report of the National Advisory Committee on SARS and Public Health. (Ottawa: October, 2003).

^[54] See Report 4: Pan-Canadian Health Human Resource Strategy

^[55] See Report 5: Women and Health Care Reform Group: Gender Based Analysis and Wait Times Report: New Questions, New Knowledge

^[56] Ipsos Reid, Canadian Views on Wait Time Benchmarks and Care Guarantees. Presentation to the Canadian Medical Association, October 6, 2005.

^[57] Pollara, Health Care in Canada Survey, 2005

^[58] This is in reference to the decision of the Supreme Court: Her Majesty vs. Chaouilli, June, 2005